This occurs through devices such as a hollow cathode plasma contactors, thermionic cathodes, and field emitter arrays.
2.
The other difference is that the single cathode is replaced by multiple, smaller cathode rods packed into a hollow cathode tube.
3.
It can be seen in the below chart what a typical I-V curve looks like for a hollow cathode in electron emission mode.
4.
The use of lithium and barium propellant mixtures and multi-channel hollow cathodes has been shown in the laboratory to be a promising solution for the cathode erosion problem.
5.
In the LiLFA thruster the lithium vapor is injected into the hollow cathode and is not ionized to its plasma form / corrode the cathode rods until it exits the tube.
6.
The discharges in both stage ( II ), the hollow cathode phase, and stage ( III ), the borehole phase, are capable of carrying currents of several hundred amps.
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